Synthesis of 4-Methylpropiophenone: Methods & Procedures

Guide to 4-Methylpropiophenone Synthesis: Comprehensive Methodologies

The organic synthesis world has been enriched by the production of compounds like 4’-methylpropiophenone. This article covers the in-depth methodologies for 4’-methylpropiophenone synthesis and its brominated derivative, 2-bromo-4'-methylpropiophenone (cas 1451-82-7). Here’s a step-by-step approach using two solvents: Dichloromethane (DCM) and Acetic acid.

DCM or AcOH

Materials Required:

Reagents:

  • 4-methylpropiophenone (cas 5337-93-9): 1000 g
  • Dichloromethane (DCM) or Glacial acetic acid (GAA): 3000 ml
  • Bromine (Br2): 1080g or 348 ml
  • Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) solution
  • Distilled water
  • Magnesium sulphate (MgSO4)

Equipment and Glassware:

[List retained from the original]

Safety Note for Handling Bromine:

Bromine's orange-red fumes possess a sharp smell and present significant risks. Avoid skin contact as it can result in severe burns and ulcers. Inhaling its vapors can cause irritation in the nose and throat. Ensure all operations with bromine are carried out in a fume hood wearing protective equipment. 

When transferring bromine, use a conical funnel, secured above the flask with a retort stand, ensuring the funnel tip is within the flask. Always maintain the cleanliness of apparatus connections, especially when dealing with drip funnels.

Synthesis in DCM:

Transfer 1000 g of 4’-Methylpropiophenone into a 10 L flask. 
Add 3000 ml DCM, stir for 5 minutes.
Halt stirring. Introduce 1080 g (348 ml) of liquid bromine into a drip funnel.
Drip in 30-50 ml of bromine from the funnel to the flask.
Ensure complete dissolution of bromine at the flask's base. 
If discoloration doesn't occur, heat to 30 °C.
 
Restart stirring, only halting once bromine has fully dissolved.
8-11. Sequentially add smaller bromine portions, ensuring complete dissolution after each.
 
Stir continuously for 30 minutes post bromine addition.
13-15. Add sodium bicarbonate solution, distilled water, and dry the organic layer over MgSO4, sequentially.
If the goal is 2-bromo-4'-methylpropiophenone synthesis (cas 1451-82-7), distill off the organic solvent under vacuum or let the mixture stand for subsequent reactions.

Synthesis in Acetic Acid:

1-12. Replicate the DCM procedure steps, substituting DCM with acetic acid.
13. Gradually introduce 3 L cold distilled water to the mix.
14-16. Following crystallization of 2-bromo-4'-methylpropiophenone (cas 1451-82-7), filter, wash with sodium bicarbonate solution, re-filter, and subsequently wash with distilled water until reaching a neutral pH. Finally, filter and dry the product.

Conclusion:

The synthesis of 4’-methylpropiophenone and its derivatives offers immense potential for various applications. It's essential to approach the process with precision, an insight of each step's intricacies, and always prioritizing safety.

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