Introductionโ
This topic is a summary of most important methods. There are short explanations and links to more detailed themes and manuals, which are described in our forum. Also, you can find here a list of abbreviations mostly used in laboratory practice.โ
Common laboratory proceduresโ
Laboratory equipment topics- Setting up a laboratory in the house - detailed instruction for creating an underground laboratory with precautions;โ
- Batch chemical reactor โ topic about the most popular chemical reactor in large-scale drug production;โ
- Rotary evaporator and additional equipment โ detailed description of rotary evaporator machine and manual;โ
- Providing and application of vacuum in a laboratory โ important topic about vacuum providing in underground laboratory by cheap and suitable methods;โ
- Nutsche filter โ topic about the large-scale filter for suction filtration, which is used in drug manufacturing;โ
- Magnetic stirrer โ description of the magnetic stirrer and various options for its execution, design, instructions for use;โ
- Ancillary equipment in laboratory practice โ topic about ancillary equipment such as clamps for securing apparatus, tools, thermometers, heating mantles, burners and so oneโ
- Vacuum desiccators โ topic about vacuum drying equipment with description and manual;โ
- Hydrogen Chloride Gas Generators โ topic about the simplest laboratory hydrogen (H2) production method without expensive equipment with detailed manual;โ
- Laboratory glassware โ large topic about names of various laboratory glassware, their application with description.โ
Laboratory manipulations and techniquesโ
- Suction (vacuum) filtration โ procedures of filtration of sediment from solution and drying it;โ
- Distillation and distillation systems โ description of distillation apparatuses, techniques of use, manuals with pictured step-by-step procedures;โ
- Decanting, gravity filtration and liquid transferring โ description of basic laboratory techniques with explanations and pictures;โ
- Inert atmosphere synthesis and distillation โ there is manual of inert atmosphere using in organic synthesis and description of apparatuses, which are applicated there;โ
- Steam Distillation โ there is manual of distillation with steam, application, description of apparatuses, which are applicated there;โ
- Reflux and heating techniques โ this topic have reflux technique manual with pictures and detailed description of apparatus;โ
- Sublimation techniques โ here is information about purification technique of solid substances by sublimation with pictured step-by-step manual;โ
- Column (Flash) Chromatography โ there are information about this separation method, detailed manual with number of pictures;โ
- Laboratory glassware cleaning โ this topic collects and presents the most important information about washing glassware;โ
- Laboratory waste disposal โ here you can find important information about illicit laboratory waste disposal, storage, how to do it correctly without superfluous attention.โ
- Tableting โ it is a detailed manual of tablet manufacturing with illicit substances;โ
- Drug authenticity tests โ rapid drug testing manual with test stripes;โ
- Drugs testing reagents โ the most relevant information about checking your drugs by legal simple reagents;โ
- Melting point determination โ total manual about melting point determination of organic substances, which is necessary to approve your synthesis product;โ
- Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) of drugs โ this topic contains detailed information about this type of chromatography, with pictured manual and explanations.โ
Abbreviations and basic termsโ
- Reflux condenser - a glass tube, with or without a cooling jacket (rarely), which is hermetically connected to the reaction vessel (ground glass, rubber stopper) and returns evaporating liquids to the flask, while ensuring connection with the atmosphere.โ
- DCM โ dichloromethane, aka methylene chloride - a non-polar solvent;โ
- DMSO โ dimethyl sulfoxide - polar aprotic solvent, in a diluted form, is sold in a pharmacy under the name "dimexide";โ
- THF โ tetrahydrofuran โ polar aprotic solvent;โ
- DMF โ dimethylformamide - polar aprotic solvent.โ
- RM โ the reaction mixture (reaction mass) - a mixture of substances in a reaction flask.โ
- Reflux โ RM boiling at a boiling temperature with constant volume (evaporating liquid returns, condensing into OH)โ
- Decant โ to drain the liquid from the solid sediment or from another liquid layer.โ
- Suspend โ carefully shake up to a state of suspension (a fluid that contains solid particles sufficiently large for sedimentation).โ
- RBF โ round bottom flask โ usually used for providing reactions;โ
- M.p. โ melting point โ the point when a solid substance turn into a liquid phase;โ
- B.p. โ boiling point โ the point when a liquid substance turn into a gaseous phase;โ
- Solubility โ the ability of a substance to dissolve in certain solvents;โ
- TLC โ thin-layer chromatography;โ
- Molecular Weight โ mass of substance in g per one mole;โ
- Distilled water โ usual water, which was purified by distillation;โ
- Glacial acetic acid โ concentrated acetic acid with concentration 99%+.โ
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